From Climate Data to Actionable Climate Knowledge: DOST-PAGASA Experience Providing Climate Services to Smallholder Farmers in Calapan, Oriental Mindoro
Thelma Cinco, Wilmer Agustin, Bronya Cooper, Alexis Declaro, Rosalina de Guzman, Edna Juanillo, Rosemarie Marasigan, Analiza Solis1 and Peter Hayman
Communicating weather and climate information for farm decision-making remains a challenge for hydrometeorological agencies, including the Philippine agency DOST-PAGASA. Through stakeholder engagements with smallholder farmers in Calapan, Oriental Mindoro, three possible root causes were identified: a lack of awareness and accessibility to information, the misinterpretation of probabilistic seasonal forecast and drought categories, and an inadequate understanding of local climate change implications. In this paper, we describe a series of steps to address these barriers. To improve awareness of information we implemented simplified scientific climate knowledge presented through a KlimAgrikultura workshop and conducted crop risk matching to identify relevant climate products. The understanding of seasonal climate forecasts was addressed by simplified tools to analyze seasonal impacts of ENSO on rainfall which helped end-users visualize and examine the relevance of monthly forecasts relative to the baseline historical rainfall distribution for each ENSO phase. The complex issue of climate change was addressed through localized historical and projected climate information which provided Calapan rice farmers with foresight on future threats of drought and extreme rainfall. We conclude by reflecting on advice from the World Meteorological Organization on effective Climate Services, and how the work described in this paper meets these recommendations.