Vol. 101, No. 1 (Mar 2018)
Black tiger shrimp [Penaeus monodon (Fabricius, 1798)] is one of the largest and most economically important shrimps in the world. P. monodon farming in the Philippines started in the 1980s and production reached its peak in the early 1990s when the Philippines became the top P. monodon producer in the world. Females can reach 33 cm long and weigh 200 – 320 g; males are slightly smaller at 20 – 25 cm long and weigh 100 – 170 g. The carapace and abdomen are transversely banded with alternative black and white. They are found in brackish, estuarine and marine environments at depths from 0 to 110 m inhabiting bottom mud and sand. They are widely distributed from the east coast of Africa to the south Pacific. According to molecular data, Southeast Asian populations of P. monodon have the highest genetic diversity.
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Articles
Meta-Comparison of Associated Agronomic Traits and QTLs with High-Temperature Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Norvie L. Manigbas, Jupiter L. Grospe, and Luvina B. Madrid
To identify associated agronomic traits and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with high-temperature tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.), three backcross inbred populations (BC2F4) of NSIC Rc150/Dular, Gayabyeo/Nagina22 and Gayabyeo/Dular were screened during the 2014 dry season. Analysis of microclimate conditions of near canopy such as temperature, relative humidity, and dew point temperature using Micrometeorological Instrument for Near Canopy Environment of Rice (MINCER) confirmed the presence of high-temperature stress during heading and maturity stages. MINCER data showed high temperatures (37.04 ± 0.14°C), accompanied by dry to high humidity (89.00 – 35.03 ± 1.82%) condition. Pearson c...
To identify associated agronomic traits and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with high-temperature tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.), three backcross inbred populations (BC2F4) of NSIC Rc150/Dular, Gayabyeo/Nagina22 and Gayabyeo/Dular were screened during the 2014 dry season. Analysis of microclimate conditions of near canopy such as temperature, relative humidity, and dew point temperature using Micrometeorological Instrument for Near Canopy Environment of Rice (MINCER) confirmed the presenc...
Effects of Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum L.) and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) on Growth Inhibition of Wheat and Weeds
Se Ji Jang, Young Beom Yun, Yeon Ji Kim, and Yong In Kuk
The objectives of this research were to determine the inhibitory effects of wheat and weeds by soil application and different extractions of downy brome (Bromus tectorum, DB) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., IRG) shoot and roots, and to identify inhibition substances by fermentation extraction of IRG shoot and roots. Shoot fresh weight (SFW) of two wheat cultivars, Stephens and Tubbs 06, was reduced 28 – 53% and 53 – 55% by DB residues grown at 25, 35, and 45 d after seeding (DAS) in sandy loam soil under greenhouse conditions, respectively, compared with the control treatment. SFW of wheat cultivars Stephens and Tubbs 06 was reduced 30 – 48% and 34 – 45% by IRG residues gro...
The objectives of this research were to determine the inhibitory effects of wheat and weeds by soil application and different extractions of downy brome (Bromus tectorum, DB) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., IRG) shoot and roots, and to identify inhibition substances by fermentation extraction of IRG shoot and roots. Shoot fresh weight (SFW) of two wheat cultivars, Stephens and Tubbs 06, was reduced 28 – 53% and 53 – 55% by DB residues grown at 25, 35, and 45 d after seeding (DA...
Growth and Flowering of Cut Chrysanthemum as Affected by Source and Time of Light-Emitting Diodes
Kyung-Chul Cho, Da-Un Jeong, Jun-Young Byeon, Mengmeng Gu, Tae-Ho Han, Gab- Cheon Koh, In-Taek Hwang, Gwang-Yeon Ki, Hee-Kon Kim, Byeong-Sam Kim, Seok-Kyu Jung, and Hyun-Sug Choi
The study examined the effects of light sources and light time on the growth and flowering responses of cut ‛Baekma’ and ‛Jinba’ chrysanthemum [Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura] under in vitro and greenhouse conditions in South Korea. In vitro shoot explants were treated with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) sources with white, red (660 nm), blue (450 nm), and red-blue for 5 wk. In a greenhouse experiment, 4-h supplemental lighting was provided with incandescent bulb, red LEDs, or white LEDs staining at 20:00, 22:00, 00:00, or 02:00 h, with 12 h of day length, for 8 wk in ‛Baekma’ and for 7 wk in ‛Jinba’, depending on their typical weeks to flowering. In vitro red LED treatments ex...
The study examined the effects of light sources and light time on the growth and flowering responses of cut ‛Baekma’ and ‛Jinba’ chrysanthemum [Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura] under in vitro and greenhouse conditions in South Korea. In vitro shoot explants were treated with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) sources with white, red (660 nm), blue (450 nm), and red-blue for 5 wk. In a greenhouse experiment, 4-h supplemental lighting was provided with incandescent bulb, red LEDs, or whit...
Phenology and Floral Biology of Roseleaf Raspberry (Rubus rosifolius Sm.) under Medium and Low Elevation Conditions
Shalan Joseph E. Kitma and Calixto M. Protacio
Roseleaf raspberry (Rubus rosifolius Sm.), a thorny weed in the highlands of Quezon province, Philippines, has shown potential in the food industry. Analysis of the phytochemical content of its fruit revealed promising medicinal properties. However, attempts to produce fruits at low elevation have failed, while the specific influence of agrometeorological conditions in lower altitudes is yet to be studied. We investigated the phenological characteristics of roseleaf raspberry plants at different elevations: in their native setting at 774 m above sea level (masl) and at low elevation (31 masl). Plants started producing flowers at the end of October and became more profuse in the later mont...
Roseleaf raspberry (Rubus rosifolius Sm.), a thorny weed in the highlands of Quezon province, Philippines, has shown potential in the food industry. Analysis of the phytochemical content of its fruit revealed promising medicinal properties. However, attempts to produce fruits at low elevation have failed, while the specific influence of agrometeorological conditions in lower altitudes is yet to be studied. We investigated the phenological characteristics of roseleaf raspberry plants at differ...
Optimal Growth Conditions for In Vitro Cultures of Plant Parasitic Algae Cephaleuros Kunze ex E. M. Fries
Penpadsorn Bunjongsiri and Anurag Sunpapao
The genus Cephaleuros comprises plant parasitic algae distributed in tropical and subtropical zones globally. This study aimed to select culture media and optimize the culture conditions for Cephaleuros species. An extensive survey was conducted in southern Thailand and five species were found, namely Cephaleuros diffusus on baegu leaves, C. expansa on orange jasmine leaves, C. karstenii on cacao leaves, C. pilosa on mangosteen leaves, and C. virescens on soursop leaves. To select suitable culture media, the five Cephaleuros species were cultured on Bold’s basal medium (BBM), bristol medium, high salt medium (HSM), trebouxia medium, trebouxia bristol medium, and modified BBM. All the Ceph...
The genus Cephaleuros comprises plant parasitic algae distributed in tropical and subtropical zones globally. This study aimed to select culture media and optimize the culture conditions for Cephaleuros species. An extensive survey was conducted in southern Thailand and five species were found, namely Cephaleuros diffusus on baegu leaves, C. expansa on orange jasmine leaves, C. karstenii on cacao leaves, C. pilosa on mangosteen leaves, and C. virescens on soursop leaves. To select suitable cu...
