Vol. 101, No. 3 (Sep 2018)
Wedelia biflora is a creeping herb belongs to the family Asteraceae. Plant tissue culture is one of the methods to mass propagate the plants. A small piece of plant organ (such as plant stem) can be induced to produce callus under controlled conditions. The extract from the callus is then used to screen any biochemical compounds that can be found in that plant. The production of a single compound can be regulated by controlling the growth of callus under certain conditions that are favourable to the production of the targeted compound. By this method, the production of any targeted compound can be maximized by using minimal amount of fresh resources.
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Articles
Adoption and Uptake Pathways of Corn-Based Technologies by Farmer-Scientists in Bondoc Peninsula, Quezon, Philippines
Carla O. Melodillar, Rowena DT. Baconguis, Josefina T. Dizon, and Juan M. Pulhin
Farmer-scientists are trained to improve farm practice through the conduct of on-farm experimental trials and farmer-to-farmer extension. To analyze the adoption of recommended corn-based technologies, the study was conducted in six sites in Bondoc Peninsula, Quezon, Philippines with 66 randomly selected respondents. The sites were purposively chosen due to their accessibility and sufficient number of respondents. The study used survey interviews, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and actual observations to gather data. Measures of central tendency and variability, correlation and regression analyses were used for data analysis. Results showed that most of the respondents...
Farmer-scientists are trained to improve farm practice through the conduct of on-farm experimental trials and farmer-to-farmer extension. To analyze the adoption of recommended corn-based technologies, the study was conducted in six sites in Bondoc Peninsula, Quezon, Philippines with 66 randomly selected respondents. The sites were purposively chosen due to their accessibility and sufficient number of respondents. The study used survey interviews, focus group discussions, key informant interv...
Measuring Trust and Trustworthiness of Farmers in a Conflict-Vulnerable Area in Mindanao, Philippines
Canesio D. Predo, Kenneth Menz, Anne Shangrila Fuentes, Evy Carusos, and Jailyn N. Puerto
The study measured trust and trustworthiness in a conflict-vulnerable area of the Philippines, using a trust game approach, and compared the results with a direct questionnaire approach. The participants were potential farmer cooperators in a project seeking innovative extension methods, emphasizing social capital enhancement. Trust is a key component of social capital. The trust game can be considered as a behavioral experiment and it produced a credible baseline quantitative (peso) measure of trust. That baseline measure can subsequently be compared with trust levels following interventions that focus on social capital enhancement. Various socioeconomic factors were positively related t...
The study measured trust and trustworthiness in a conflict-vulnerable area of the Philippines, using a trust game approach, and compared the results with a direct questionnaire approach. The participants were potential farmer cooperators in a project seeking innovative extension methods, emphasizing social capital enhancement. Trust is a key component of social capital. The trust game can be considered as a behavioral experiment and it produced a credible baseline quantitative (peso) measure ...
Effect of Intra-row Spacing and Seed Inoculation on Stem Lodging, Yield and Rain-Use Efficiency of Maize under Different Climatic Conditions
Violeta Mandić, Snežana Đorđević, Zorica Bijelić, Vesna Krnjaja, Dragana Ružić Muslić, Maja Petričević, and Aleksandar Simić
The effects of three intra-row spacings (20, 24 and 28 cm) with inter-row spacing of 70 cm and seed inoculation with plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) [(Azotobacter chroococum, Azotobacter vineland, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus licheniformis)] were investigated on stem diameter (SD), stem lodging (SL), percentage of barren plants (PBP), grain yield (GY) and rain-use efficiency (RUE) in maize hybrid Dijamant 6 in the province of Vojvodina, Northern Serbia in 2006, 2007 and 2008. The highest SD and GY and the lowest SL and PBP were recorded in favorable climatic conditions in 2006. The lowest RUE was recorded in 2008 (unfavorable climatic conditions). The lowest SD and RUE and the ...
The effects of three intra-row spacings (20, 24 and 28 cm) with inter-row spacing of 70 cm and seed inoculation with plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) [(Azotobacter chroococum, Azotobacter vineland, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus licheniformis)] were investigated on stem diameter (SD), stem lodging (SL), percentage of barren plants (PBP), grain yield (GY) and rain-use efficiency (RUE) in maize hybrid Dijamant 6 in the province of Vojvodina, Northern Serbia in 2006, 2007 and 2008. The h...
Sucrose Enhanced Stigmasterol Production in Callus Cultures of Wedelia biflora (L.) D.C
Siti Norayu Idris, Abdul Bakrudeen Ali Ahmed and Rosna Mat Taha
Callus culture method was used to extract stigmasterol in mass amount. The current study aims to enhance the production of stigmasterol by manipulation of sucrose concentrations in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. A combination of 2 mg NAA L-1 (an auxin) and 2.5 mg 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) L-1 (a cytokinin) in MS medium was the best concentration to stimulate callus formation from stem explants of W. biflora with the fastest response (10 d), the highest biomass of callus (55 mg dry weight) and the best callus characteristic (green and compact). Application of 4% (w/v) sucrose in MS medium enhanced callus formation along with callus biomass and stigmasterol production (88 mg g-1) compared ...
Callus culture method was used to extract stigmasterol in mass amount. The current study aims to enhance the production of stigmasterol by manipulation of sucrose concentrations in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. A combination of 2 mg NAA L-1 (an auxin) and 2.5 mg 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) L-1 (a cytokinin) in MS medium was the best concentration to stimulate callus formation from stem explants of W. biflora with the fastest response (10 d), the highest biomass of callus (55 mg dry weight) an...
Expression and DNA Methylation of MET1, CMT3 and DRM2 during In Vitro Culture of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf.
Rezaul Karim, Yew Seong Tan, Pooja Singh, Mohammed Nuruzzaman, Norzulaani Khalid, and Jennifer Ann Harikrishna
Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration are important developmental processes of in vitro culture, in which cells must undergo dedifferentiation, activation of cell division and reprograming of their metabolism, of their physiology and of their gene expression patterns. The processes of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration are also associated with changes in DNA methylation. In this study, the expression of METHYLTRANSFERASE 1, CHROMOMETHYLASE 3 and DOMAIN REARRANGED METHYLTRANSFERASE 2 was determined by Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) while the DNA methylation level was determined by Bisulfite sequencing of plant cells from meristematic...
Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration are important developmental processes of in vitro culture, in which cells must undergo dedifferentiation, activation of cell division and reprograming of their metabolism, of their physiology and of their gene expression patterns. The processes of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration are also associated with changes in DNA methylation. In this study, the expression of METHYLTRANSFERASE 1, CHROMOMETHYLASE 3 and DOMAIN REARRANGED METHYLTRANSF...
