Vol. 102, No. 3 (Sep 2019)
Kapa-kapa (Medinilla magnifica Lindl.) is a commonly cultivated flowering plant known for its magnificent cluster of flowers with large pink bracts. In the wild, this plant grows with its roots attached to other plants, but in gardens, it is usually grown with its roots anchored to the soil. Although this species is naturally endemic to the Philippine archipelago, it is now also grown in some temperate countries. The bioherbicidal activity of kapa-kapa was studied for the first time. The acid-hydrolyzed extract of M. magnifica showed significant herbicidal activity. With a relatively low LD50 value of 64.69 ppm, it has great potential for commercial use for agriculture. This can be attributed to the fairly high amount of phenolic compounds in the extract.
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Articles
Bioherbicidal Activity of Medinilla magnifica Lindl. Leaf Extract [RESEARCH NOTE]
Jose Carmelo P. Tinio, Antonio L. Rayos, Jr., Mae Joanne B. Aguila, and Kevin C. Salamanez
The bioherbicidal activity of kapa-kapa (Medinilla magnifica Lindl.) was studied for the first time. Phenolics from its leaves were extracted with 7:7:6 methanol-acetone-water (MAW). The phenolics of the crude extract were quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and values of 71.86 mg GA∙g-1 extract for total phenolics and 29.58 mg QUE∙g-1 extract for total flavonoids were obtained. The crude extract was subjected to acid hydrolysis and the bioherbicidal activity of the resulting hydrolysate was determined. Lettuce seed germination assay was done and the median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract was determined as 64.69 ppm. This relatively low LD50 value shows that it has great potenti...
The bioherbicidal activity of kapa-kapa (Medinilla magnifica Lindl.) was studied for the first time. Phenolics from its leaves were extracted with 7:7:6 methanol-acetone-water (MAW). The phenolics of the crude extract were quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and values of 71.86 mg GA∙g-1 extract for total phenolics and 29.58 mg QUE∙g-1 extract for total flavonoids were obtained. The crude extract was subjected to acid hydrolysis and the bioherbicidal activity of the resulting hydrolys...
Bulk Peanut Shell Behavior under Static Loads and the Associated Physico-Mechanical Properties
Selcuk Ugurluay and Ibrahim Deniz Akcali
In order for the peanut shell waste to have an economic value, it should be processed mechanically. Among others, for instance, utilization of peanut shells as a fuel source or insulation material requires them to be compressed. Thus, for a rational design of such machinery, there is a need to know the behavior of peanut shells under compressive static loads and the associated physico mechanical properties. To those ends, experiments were carried out, using the local Turkish cultivars Osmaniye, Silifke, Anamur and Antalya. Mathematical models for force-deformation, pressure-strain and pressure-density relationships were obtained from the test data. Linear and non-linear behaviors in the f...
In order for the peanut shell waste to have an economic value, it should be processed mechanically. Among others, for instance, utilization of peanut shells as a fuel source or insulation material requires them to be compressed. Thus, for a rational design of such machinery, there is a need to know the behavior of peanut shells under compressive static loads and the associated physico mechanical properties. To those ends, experiments were carried out, using the local Turkish cultivars Osmaniy...
Postharvest Behavior of Biriba [Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.] Fruits at Different Storage Temperatures
Helen A. Barrios and Elda B. Esguerra
Biriba [Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.] is delicate to handle and has a very short shelf life of less than a week thereby limiting its marketability. This study was conducted to determine the effect of varying temperatures on the postharvest behavior and storage life of biriba fruits. Storage temperature affected the physiological and physical characteristics of biriba fruit and subsequently its storage life. Higher respiration rates of 54.7 and 44.0 mg CO2 kg-1h-1 were obtained at ambient condition and at 20°C, respectively, compared with 32.8 mg CO2 kg-1h-1 at 13°C. However, the amount of ethylene produced was almost similar at all temperatures ranging from 38 to 41 μL kg-1h-1. Fruit so...
Biriba [Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.] is delicate to handle and has a very short shelf life of less than a week thereby limiting its marketability. This study was conducted to determine the effect of varying temperatures on the postharvest behavior and storage life of biriba fruits. Storage temperature affected the physiological and physical characteristics of biriba fruit and subsequently its storage life. Higher respiration rates of 54.7 and 44.0 mg CO2 kg-1h-1 were obtained at ambient co...
Documented Pupal Eye Color of the West Indian Fruit Fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Maquart), as a Tool for Radiation Sterilization
Sotero S. Resilva, Emilio Hernandez and Glenda B. Obra
Pupal age is critical when sterilizing fruit fly pupae for field releases in the sterile insect technique (SIT) programme. When kept at 26 °C, pupae of the West Indian fruit fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Maquart), are irradiated after 12–13 d or 22 d before emergence. At this age, pupal eye color, which is used to determine the optimum stage, is very dark brown and grayish green as classified based on the Munsell® Soil Color Charts. However, it is often necessary to use different pupal holding temperatures in order to manipulate pupal development, especially when unforeseen problems occur during the rearing procedure for A. obliqua. Holding pupae at lower temperatures delays pupal development ...
Pupal age is critical when sterilizing fruit fly pupae for field releases in the sterile insect technique (SIT) programme. When kept at 26 °C, pupae of the West Indian fruit fly, Anastrepha obliqua (Maquart), are irradiated after 12–13 d or 22 d before emergence. At this age, pupal eye color, which is used to determine the optimum stage, is very dark brown and grayish green as classified based on the Munsell® Soil Color Charts. However, it is often necessary to use different pupal holding tem...
The Response of Tobacco to Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation and Application of Some Micro and Macronutrients
Payman Yari, Babak Pasari and Salar Shaaf
To study the response of tobacco to the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation and the application of some micronutrients and macronutrients, an experiment was conducted in Marivan City, northwestern Iran during the 2014–2015 growing season. The experiment used split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factor was no inoculation and inoculation by arbuscular mycorrhiza (Glomus intraradices) while subplots used foliar application of some micronutrients and macronutrients in five treatments: control (distilled water), zinc- boron- (micronutrient), potassium- (macronutrient), and zinc + boron + potassium salts. The results showed that the number ...
To study the response of tobacco to the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation and the application of some micronutrients and macronutrients, an experiment was conducted in Marivan City, northwestern Iran during the 2014–2015 growing season. The experiment used split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factor was no inoculation and inoculation by arbuscular mycorrhiza (Glomus intraradices) while subplots used foliar application of some micronutri...
